Sandakan

The Sandakan Jail Revolt occurred during the rule of the British North Borneo Company. Discontent among the laborers, who were mostly Chinese, led to a rebellion in which they tried to take control of the area from the colonial rulers. The revolt was ultimately unsuccessful but highlighted the tensions between the indigenous population and the colonial administration. It became a significant point in Sandakan's colonial history.

Sandakan Airport was officially opened in 1928, serving as a crucial infrastructure development that connected Sandakan to the rest of Borneo and beyond. The airport facilitated trade and travel, contributing to Sandakan's growth as a major urban center in North Borneo. Its establishment marked an era of increased mobility and economic development in the region, integrating Sandakan more fully into global networks.

The Great Fire of Sandakan occurred on July 8, 1937, destroying a significant portion of the town. The fire razed homes and businesses, leaving thousands of residents homeless and leading to a large-scale reconstruction effort. This event was one of the most devastating fires in Sandakan's history. The reconstruction shaped the future urban landscape of the town, making it more resilient to such disasters in the future.

During World War II, Sandakan was occupied by Japanese forces as part of their campaign across Southeast Asia. The occupation was marked by hardship and oppression for the local population. Thousands of Allied POWs were also held in the infamous Sandakan Death Marches starting points, where they endured brutal conditions and forced marches that led to widespread loss of life. This period remains a dark chapter in Sandakan's history.

The Sandakan Death Marches were a series of forced marches in Borneo, starting on January 28, 1945, where 2,434 Allied prisoners of war, held by Japanese forces, were forced to march from Sandakan to Ranau. The marches are notorious for their brutality and the high death toll, as the prisoners, already weakened by lack of food and illness, faced arduous conditions and harsh treatment by their captors. Only 6 survived.

The Battle of North Borneo was part of the larger Allied campaign to liberate Borneo from Japanese occupation during World War II. Sandakan, a major town in North Borneo, was occupied by Japanese forces in 1942. In 1945, Allied forces launched an amphibious assault to reclaim the area. The campaign was successful, and Sandakan was freed from Japanese control, marking a crucial turning point in the liberation of Borneo.

Following the surrender of Japan in World War II, Japanese forces in Sandakan officially surrendered to the Australian forces on September 11, 1945. This event marked the end of Japanese occupation in the area and the return to peace and reconstruction efforts. The surrender ceremony was a significant milestone in the history of Sandakan and symbolized the restoration of local governance and rehabilitation of the community post-war.

On September 16, 1963, Sandakan, along with the rest of Sabah, became part of the newly formed Federation of Malaysia. This event marked a pivotal moment in the political history of the region, transitioning from British colonial rule to becoming part of an independent nation. Sandakan played a significant role in Sabah's integration into Malaysia, impacting its cultural and economic landscape significantly.

On October 24, 1995, Sandakan was declared a Nature City, emphasizing its rich natural resources and biodiversity. As a gateway to several of Sabah's renowned eco-tourism destinations, including the Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre and the Kinabatangan River, Sandakan's recognition as a Nature City was part of efforts to boost tourism and promote conservation in the region. This marked a shift towards ecological preservation and sustainable tourism.

The Sabah State Mosque was inaugurated in Sandakan on March 25, 2006. This mosque serves as a significant spiritual and community center for the local Muslim population. It represents both the architectural and cultural heritage of the region and highlights the diverse religious landscape of Sandakan. The mosque's inauguration was attended by key religious and political figures, underscoring its importance to the community.