Robert W. Holley

Explore the timeline of Robert W. Holley, a pioneering biochemist renowned for his groundbreaking work in molecular biology, most notably the sequencing of the alanine transfer RNA which earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968. Follow his journey from early life, through his academic and research achievements, to his lasting impact on the field of biochemistry.

Born: January 28, 1922
Biochemist
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

28 januari 1922

1 januari 1942

1 januari 1947

1 januari 1955

1 januari 1958

1 januari 1965

1 januari 1968

1 januari 1971

1 januari 1985

11 februari 1993

28januari
1922
28 January 1922

Robert W. Holley's Birth

Robert W. Holley was born on January 28, 1922, in Urbana, Illinois, USA. His early life in this small town set the stage for his future endeavors in biochemistry. Holley would go on to make noteworthy contributions to the field of molecular biology. He was the son of Charles and Viola Holley, and spent his formative years in Illinois.

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01januari
1942
01 January 1942

Graduated from University of Illinois

Robert W. Holley graduated from the University of Illinois in 1942 with a bachelor's degree in chemistry. This educational milestone marked the beginning of his career in scientific research, during which he made significant contributions to molecular biology including pioneering work on RNA.

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01januari
1947
01 January 1947

PhD from Cornell University

In 1947, Robert W. Holley earned his PhD in organic chemistry from Cornell University. His doctoral research and studies at Cornell laid the groundwork for his future scientific breakthroughs in the field of genetics and molecular biology, particularly in RNA research.

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01januari
1955
01 January 1955

Professor at Cornell University

Robert W. Holley became a professor at Cornell University in 1955. His tenure at Cornell was marked by significant scientific advancements and contributions to the academic community. He played a critical role in research that expanded the understanding of nucleic acids and genetics.

01januari
1958
01 January 1958

Began RNA Research

Robert W. Holley began his groundbreaking research on ribonucleic acid (RNA) in 1958. His studies focused on the isolation and sequencing of transfer RNA (tRNA), which plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins by translating genetic code into amino acid sequences.

01januari
1965
01 January 1965

Discovery of Alanine tRNA Sequence

In 1965, Robert W. Holley completed the sequencing of the first transfer RNA molecule, specifically the alanine tRNA. This monumental achievement was pivotal in understanding the role of tRNA in protein synthesis and earned Holley significant recognition in the field of molecular biology.

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01januari
1968
01 January 1968

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Robert W. Holley was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968, shared with Har Gobind Khorana and Marshall W. Nirenberg, for their collective interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. Holley's work on the nucleic acid sequence of tRNA was a significant part of this achievement.

01januari
1971
01 January 1971

Joined Salk Institute

In 1971, Robert W. Holley joined the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California. At the Salk Institute, he continued his research on the cellular and molecular aspects of human health. His work further contributed to advancements in understanding human biology at a molecular level.

01januari
1985
01 January 1985

Received Lasker Award

In 1985, Robert W. Holley was awarded the Lasker Award for his pioneering work on the sequencing of transfer RNA and its vital role in protein synthesis. The Lasker Award is considered one of the most prestigious in biomedical research, celebrating significant contributions to science and medicine.

11februari
1993
11 February 1993

Robert W. Holley's Death

Robert W. Holley passed away on February 11, 1993, in Los Gatos, California. His death marked the loss of a pioneering biochemist who had made an indelible impact on the field of molecular biology through his work on RNA and the genetic code. Holley's contributions continue to influence genetic and biochemical research.

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