Padang

The 1833 Sumatra earthquake struck off the western coast of Sumatra on November 25, 1833. It had an estimated magnitude of 8.8–9.2 and caused significant devastation along the coast, including Padang. The resultant tsunami was reported to have inundated parts of the Padang coast, leading to destruction of buildings and loss of life. It was part of a sequence of great earthquakes and tsunamis that affected the region.

The 1835 Padang landslide occurred on July 8, 1835, after heavy rainfall in the hills surrounding the city. This natural disaster caused massive destruction to infrastructure and homes, burying several villages on the outskirts of Padang. The calamity aroused awareness about environmental conservation and the potential risks of deforestation on the stability of the region's slopes.

The 1861 Sumatra earthquake occurred off the coast of Padang on February 16, 1861. With a magnitude of about 8.5, it caused widespread damage in Padang and nearby settlements. The earthquake produced a notable tsunami that affected the western coast of Sumatra, leading to significant loss of life and property damage in Padang and other coastal areas.

On June 28, 1926, Padang experienced severe flooding due to intense rainfall, leading to significant infrastructure damage. The floodwaters inundated large parts of the city, disrupting daily life and leading to public health concerns. It was one of the most severe floods in the city's recorded history, spurring efforts to develop better flood defenses and urban planning in subsequent years.

The 1976 Padang coal mine collapse occurred on April 10, 1976, when a coal mine in Padang collapsed, trapping and killing numerous miners. The tragedy highlighted the hazardous working conditions in the mining industry in Indonesia, leading to calls for improved safety regulations and enforcement. The event drew attention from national and international communities.

The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, known as the Boxing Day Tsunami, occurred on December 26, 2004, with an epicenter off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. The megathrust earthquake had a magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and triggered devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean. Padang, located on Sumatra's western coast, was affected, although not as severely as Aceh or other regions.

The 2005 Sumatra earthquake, with a magnitude of 8.6, struck off the west coast of northern Sumatra, near Nias Island, on March 28, 2005. Although Padang was not the epicenter, the earthquake was felt strongly in the city and raised concerns about potential tsunamis, prompting significant evacuations. It was part of a series of large earthquakes following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.

On March 6, 2007, two powerful earthquakes struck Sumatra. The larger one, with a magnitude of 6.4, was centered just off Padang. Although the damage in Padang was relatively contained compared to other events, it caused considerable stress among the population and necessitated a rapid response from local disaster management authorities. The quakes were part of the region's complex seismic activity.

On September 30, 2009, two earthquakes struck near the city of Padang in Sumatra, Indonesia. The first was a magnitude 7.6 quake and was followed by numerous aftershocks. The earthquake resulted in the destruction of thousands of buildings, deaths and injuries of thousands of people, and widespread infrastructural damage. Padang, as a major city close to the epicenter, was one of the worst affected areas.

On September 28, 2018, an earthquake and subsequent tsunami struck the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. Although Padang is not located on Sulawesi, the event is notable in its impact on geological studies related to Indonesian earthquake preparedness and response planning across the region, including areas like Padang on Sumatra's western coast.