Matera

In April 1952, the Italian government initiated the evacuation of the Sassi di Matera due to the poor living conditions and health concerns in the cave dwellings. Thousands of residents were moved to new housing, and the Sassi were left largely abandoned for decades. This decision was part of a broader effort to modernize the area and address poverty, although it ultimately led to a decline in the area's traditional culture. The Sassi later became recognized for their historical importance and were preserved and revitalized.

In 1986, the city of Matera hosted an important meeting focused on the economic development of Southern Italy. Held in May, this event brought together government officials, economists, and regional leaders to discuss strategies for addressing economic challenges, promoting industry, and boosting tourism in the south. Matera's selection as the location for this meeting highlighted its emerging role as a hub for regional development and underscored the importance of investing in infrastructure and cultural heritage.

On December 17, 1993, the ancient city of Matera was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its unique Sassi districts, which are believed to be among the first human settlements in Italy. The Sassi are a complex of cave dwellings carved into the mountainous terrain, and they provide a unique glimpse into ancient culture and architecture. This designation brought renewed interest and conservation efforts to the area, helping preserve its historical and cultural heritage.

In May 1999, scenes for the James Bond film "The World Is Not Enough" were shot in the stunning landscape of Matera. The filmmakers chose Matera for its dramatic scenery and historic settings, which served as the perfect backdrop for some of the film's most memorable action sequences. This brought international attention to Matera, showcasing its beauty to a global audience and boosting its profile as a tourist destination. The film's release drew new visitors and interest in exploring the unique atmosphere of Matera.

In July 2001, Matera held a symposium dedicated to European prehistoric archaeology, attracting experts and researchers from around the world to discuss findings from the region. The symposium focused on the archaeology of the Sassi and surrounding areas, examining evidence of early human habitation and developments in prehistoric societies. Matera's unique position as a site of ancient human settlement provided a fitting location for the event. The symposium facilitated academic exchanges and contributed to the wider understanding of European prehistory.

In September 2004, Matera hosted a special Women's G8 Summit, which gathered female leaders from the world's leading economies to discuss issues such as gender equality, economic empowerment, and global leadership. This event underscored Matera's growing reputation as a venue for significant international gatherings. The summit featured discussions, workshops, and cultural exchanges that focused on the role of women in shaping the global economy and society. Matera's rich history provided an inspiring backdrop for these dialogues.

In September 2010, the opening of the Matera Expressway marked a significant infrastructure advancement for the region. This new roadway improved connectivity between Matera and neighboring cities, making it easier for tourists and locals to travel to and from the city. The expressway was part of broader efforts to modernize the region's infrastructure and stimulate economic growth. By enhancing access to Matera, the expressway contributed to increased tourism and investment, further supporting Matera's development and integration with national and international networks.

On October 17, 2014, Matera was announced as the European Capital of Culture for 2019. This prestigious designation was due to Matera's rich cultural heritage, including its historic architecture, rock churches, and artistic contributions. As the European Capital of Culture, Matera underwent various cultural initiatives, events, and renovations, which significantly boosted tourism and international awareness of the city. This recognition aimed to promote greater cultural engagement and economic development in the region.

The film "Basilicata Coast to Coast," which showcases the landscapes and culture of the Basilicata region, including Matera, won the prestigious David di Donatello award for Best New Director. The film, directed by Rocco Papaleo, highlights the region's charm and the unique character of its towns, bringing attention to Matera's picturesque setting and helping to boost interest and tourism in the area. The movie received critical acclaim for its storytelling and for drawing attention to the often-overlooked region.

The inauguration of Matera as the European Capital of Culture took place on January 19, 2019. The celebrations marked the beginning of a year filled with cultural events and activities, highlighting Matera's cultural heritage and contemporary creativity. The city hosted numerous exhibitions, performances, and workshops that attracted visitors from around the world. Matera's year as a cultural capital significantly increased its profile on the global stage and emphasized the role of culture in fostering community and identity.