On January 10, 2023, James Comer became the chairman of the U.S. House Oversight and Reform Committee. As chairman, Comer announced a range of investigations into the Biden administration, including the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, the withdrawal from Afghanistan, and alleged influence peddling by the President's family. Comer's leadership marks a pivotal role in steering the Republican-led investigations in the House.

James Comer was reelected to the United States House of Representatives on November 8, 2022, representing Kentucky's 1st congressional district. His continued service in Congress adds to his legislative experience and influence. Comer has been a congressman since 2016, and his reelection further solidified his position within the Republican Party and his committee roles.

In March 2021, Congressman James Comer, as the Ranking Member of the House Oversight and Reform Committee, voiced strong support for investigating the origins of COVID-19. He argued for transparency and accountability in fully understanding the role of the Chinese government and the World Health Organization's actions in the early stages of the pandemic. Comer's calls were part of the broader Republican push for answers regarding the virus's global spread and impact.

On July 20, 2020, as ranking member of the House Oversight and Reform Committee, James Comer took a leading role in investigating the U.S. Postal Service's operational changes under Postmaster General Louis DeJoy. This came amid widespread concerns over mail delays and the USPS's ability to handle mail-in voting for the 2020 presidential election. Comer positioned this investigation as critical to ensuring that political motivations were not influencing postal operations.

On May 10, 2018, Representative James Comer supported the passage of the Agriculture and Nutrition Act, also known as the Farm Bill. This legislation aimed to support farmers and rural communities through a variety of programs, including crop insurance, conservation, and nutrition assistance. Comer's advocacy for the bill was part of his broader efforts to support the agricultural interests of Kentucky and ensure the stability of the American food supply chain.

On October 18, 2017, James Comer was appointed to the House Oversight and Reform Committee, marking a significant step in his congressional career. This committee is a key forum for investigating issues of national importance. Comer's appointment laid the groundwork for his future leadership on the committee, where he has been involved in various high-profile investigations into government operations and accountability.

James Comer was elected to the United States House of Representatives on November 8, 2016, representing Kentucky's 1st congressional district after serving as Kentucky Agriculture Commissioner. His victory was part of a broader Republican wave in the 2016 elections. As a congressman, Comer has focused on agricultural policy, government efficiency, and conservative fiscal policies, establishing himself as an influential figure in Kentucky politics.

On June 9, 2015, James Comer conceded in the Kentucky Republican gubernatorial primary after a closely contested race. Comer narrowly lost the nomination to Matt Bevin, who later became the Governor of Kentucky. This gubernatorial race was marked by contentious debates and controversies, and although Comer did not win, his campaign raised his profile significantly within the state's political landscape.

On November 8, 2011, James Comer was elected as Kentucky's Agriculture Commissioner, a role in which he served prior to becoming a U.S. Representative. His tenure as Agriculture Commissioner was noted for reform efforts, including a focus on efficiency and promoting Kentucky's agriculture industry. Comer's leadership during this time laid the foundation for his subsequent political career at the national level.

James Comer was first elected to public office on November 7, 2000, when he won a seat in the Kentucky House of Representatives. He served multiple terms and was known for his work on agricultural issues, fiscal policy, and education. This early experience in public service helped Comer build a solid foundation for his later career in state and national politics and marked the beginning of his long-standing commitment to public service.