Biarritz

Explore the rich history of Biarritz through this comprehensive timeline. From its origins as a small fishing village to becoming a luxurious seaside resort, discover the key events that have shaped Biarritz's development over the centuries. Learn about its cultural, economic, and social transformations, including the arrival of European nobility, the influence of the Basque culture, and its role in modern French history.

10 juni 1843

15 september 1880

16 april 1924

28 juni 1940

8 juli 1957

13 november 1964

20 mei 1977

9 augustus 1994

3 juni 2005

24 augustus 2019

10juni
1843
10 June 1843

Establishment of Biarritz as a Seaside Resort

Biarritz began its transformation into a popular seaside resort in the 19th century, primarily starting in 1843. It gained fame when Empress Eugenie, the wife of Napoleon III, built a palace on the beach (which is now the Hôtel du Palais). Their patronage brought the European aristocracy to Biarritz, which became known for its beauty and leisure. This laid the foundation for Biarritz's development as one of France's most prestigious coastal destinations.

15september
1880
15 September 1880

Biarritz Becomes a Commune

In 1880, Biarritz was officially designated as a commune, a key administrative division in France. This status provided Biarritz with greater local governance and resources, allowing it to manage its rapid development effectively. As a commune, Biarritz was able to invest in infrastructure, improve public services, and enhance its appeal as a tourist destination. This change coincided with the city's rise as a fashionable resort town frequented by European elite.

16april
1924
16 April 1924

Opening of the Biarritz Casino

The Biarritz Casino, a grand architectural masterpiece, opened its doors on April 16, 1924. This event marked a significant moment in Biarritz's history, enhancing its reputation as a luxury destination. The casino attracted wealthy tourists and high society from across Europe, offering gaming rooms and cultural events. Its Art Deco design became a symbol of the Roaring Twenties, influencing the cultural life of Biarritz. The casino remains a key attraction today.

28juni
1940
28 June 1940

Battle of Biarritz 1940

During World War II, the Battle of Biarritz on June 28, 1940, saw German forces capturing this strategic location shortly after successfully occupying Paris. Biarritz's fall symbolized the rapid advancement of German troops through France. The occupation was part of the broader German strategy to control the Atlantic coast, enabling further operations in the region. The battle and subsequent occupation significantly impacted local life and marked a period of hardship under German rule.

08juli
1957
08 July 1957

Treaty of Biarritz

The Treaty of Biarritz was signed in the coastal town of Biarritz, France, between Spain and the Allied Forces. This agreement marked the end of Spanish isolation from international diplomacy, leading to improved relations. The Treaty facilitated Spain's inclusion into certain European economic agreements, bolstering its post-war economy. Biarritz was chosen for its neutral location and historical significance in diplomacy.

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13november
1964
13 November 1964

Biarritz Agreement on Tuna Fishing

On November 13, 1964, the Biarritz Agreement on Tuna Fishing was signed to regulate and manage tuna stocks in the Bay of Biscay. This agreement was crucial for sustainable fishing practices, involving cooperation between France and Spain. It established quotas, fishing seasons, and conservation measures to protect the tuna population, ensuring long-term viability for the fishing industry in the region. This landmark agreement highlighted the importance of environmental conservation.

20mei
1977
20 May 1977

Jacques Chirac in Biarritz

On May 20, 1977, then French Prime Minister Jacques Chirac visited Biarritz as part of his tour of southwestern France. His visit aimed to promote economic development and address regional concerns. During his stay, Chirac met with local officials, visited key economic sites, and emphasized the government's commitment to supporting regional growth, which was seen as crucial for integrating more rural areas into the national economy. This visit underscored the strategic importance of Biarritz and the Basque region.

09augustus
1994
09 August 1994

G7 Summit Meeting in Biarritz

In August 1994, Biarritz hosted a significant G7 summit meeting. This was a gathering of leaders from seven of the world's largest advanced economies: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The summit was focused on global issues such as economic policy, climate change, and international security. The choice of Biarritz highlighted France's commitment to involving smaller cities in global diplomacy.

03juni
2005
03 June 2005

Ongoing Surfing Culture in Biarritz

Biarritz hosts the annual Biarritz Surf Festival, which has been a major event for the international surfing community since its inception. In June 2005, the festival celebrated its 10th anniversary, underlining Biarritz's status as a premier surfing destination. The city's beaches attract surfers from around the world, and the festival includes competitions, exhibitions, and cultural events celebrating surf culture. This vibrant surfing scene contributes significantly to the local economy and cultural identity.

24augustus
2019
24 August 2019

G7 Biarritz Summit 2019

The G7 summit in Biarritz, France was held from August 24 to August 26, 2019. This summit was marked by discussions on global digital taxation, the Amazon forest fires, and trade tensions among major economies. The leaders of the seven member countries, along with the EU, convened to address and negotiate solutions to these pressing international issues. Emmanuel Macron, the French President, hosted this high-profile diplomatic gathering, aiming to foster global cooperation.

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Frequently asked questions about Biarritz

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