Eindhoven

In 1913, two brothers, Gerard and Anton Philips, founded Philips in Eindhoven. Originally focusing on producing carbon-filament lamps, the company quickly expanded and established itself as one of the largest electronics firms in the world. The presence of Philips transformed Eindhoven from a small town into a center for technology and innovation, significantly influencing the city's growth and development over the 20th century.

In 1920, the village of Eindhoven was merged with five neighboring municipalities, forming the city of Eindhoven. This merger significantly increased the population and area of the city, laying the foundation for its future as a major industrial and technological hub. The expansion included the integration of Woensel, Stratum, Gestel en Blaarthem, Tongelre, and Strijp, creating a modern city structure.

During World War II, Eindhoven was heavily impacted by bombings. The city was strategically important due to its industrial capacity. On May 10, 1940, German forces invaded the Netherlands, and Eindhoven was bombed as part of the wider campaign to quickly overwhelm the country. The bombings caused significant damage to both industrial sites and residential areas, deeply affecting the city's population.

The Liberation of Eindhoven occurred on September 18, 1944, as part of Operation Market Garden during World War II. Allied forces, including the British 30 Corps, advanced into the city, greeted by the joyful population. However, shortly after its liberation, Eindhoven suffered from German counter-attacks and bombings, but it remained under Allied control.

In 1991, the Evoluon in Eindhoven re-opened as a conference center. Originally built in 1966 by the tech company Philips, it was designed to serve as a science museum showcasing technological advancements. The futuristic dome shape of the building became an iconic landmark in the city. However, due to financial difficulties, it was closed as a museum and transformed into a venue for conferences and events.

In 2002, the Brainport Eindhoven project was officially launched, establishing the region as a significant player in the global technology and innovation sector. This initiative aimed to bolster Eindhoven's position as a center for high-tech industries, promoting collaboration between businesses, educational institutions, and the government. Brainport has since become synonymous with cutting-edge research and development, attracting talent and investment from around the world.

In 2013, Philips Stadium, home of the PSV Eindhoven football club, underwent significant renovations to improve facilities and enhance the fan experience. The stadium, originally opened in 1913, is one of the most iconic landmarks in Eindhoven. The renovations included the addition of new seating, updated hospitality areas, and improved accessibility, ensuring that it met modern standards for sports and entertainment venues.

In 2016, the High Tech Campus in Eindhoven announced a major expansion with the opening of new facilities designed to accommodate the growing number of technology companies and startups. Established by Philips in 1998 to foster innovation, the campus has become a focal point for research and development, earning a reputation as one of the smartest square kilometers in Europe. The expansion allowed for greater collaboration and synergy among companies on-site.

In 2018, Eindhoven University of Technology celebrated its 60th anniversary. Founded in 1956, the university has become a leading institution for science and engineering education and research. Known for its strong ties to the technology and industrial sectors, the university plays a critical role in supporting Eindhoven's reputation as a hub of innovation. Its anniversary included numerous events, lectures, and celebrations reflecting on six decades of scientific achievements.

In 2020, the Van Abbemuseum in Eindhoven celebrated its 85th anniversary. Opened in 1936, the museum is renowned for its contemporary art collections and has hosted numerous prestigious exhibitions over the years. Known for its dedication to promoting and understanding modern and contemporary art, the museum is an important cultural institution within the city, contributing to its vibrant cultural scene.